Theme: Animal Model
Tomie A., Gittleman J., Dranoff E. and Pohorecky L.A.
Social interaction opportunity and intermittent presentations of ethanol sipper tube induce ethanol drinking in rats
Alcohol, 2005, Vol.35, n°1, 43-55
Keywords: CONSUMPTION / CORTICOSTERONE / TRAINING / ANIMAL MODEL / RAT / SENSITIVITY / SOCIABILITY
We evaluated the effects of social interaction opportunity (SIO) and intermittent presentations of the ethanol sipper tube (IS) on autoshaping of ethanol drinking in nondeprived rats. Rats were assigned to one of seven groups. Two groups experienced brief IS, either paired with or randomly related to the response-independent raising of a guillotine door (D) revealing the presence of a conspecific male rat in a holding cage (SIO). Two control groups received similar training, respectively, except that the D revealed an empty cage, whereas a third control group received IS but neither D nor SIO. For two additional control groups, the ethanol sipper tube was continuously available during the session, with and without SIO, with both groups receiving intermittent D. In IS conditions, procedures with SIO induced more ethanol intake than did non-SIO procedures, indicating that SIO contributed to ethanol intake, but D procedures did not differ from nonD procedures, indicating that ethanol drinking was not related to the operation of the door. Groups that received training procedures providing for both SIO and IS showed more rapid initiation of ethanol intake and more rapid escalation of ethanol intake as the concentration of ethanol in the sipper tube conditioned stimulus was increased across sessions. Theoretical accounts, which are based on cue at response manipulandum/ autoshaping, schedule-induced polydipsia, incentive sensitization, and intermittency-induced arousal, are considered.
Language: E
Source: Ireb, article - périodique, P0002, 20975
Theme: Animal Model
Colombo G., Lobina C., Maccioni P., Mascia M.F., Orru A., Gessa G.L. and Carai M.A.
Suppression of maintenance of alcohol-drinking behavior by the concurrent availability of saccharin in Sardinian alcohol-preferring (sP) rats
Alcohol, Elsevier Inc. ; 2005, Vol.35, n°1, 35-41
Keywords: ALCOHOL USE / BEHAVIOUR / ANIMAL MODEL / PREFERENCE / P RAT / SACCHARIN
In the current study, we investigated the effect of the concurrent presentation of saccharin on the maintenance of alcohol-drinking behavior in selectively bred Sardinian alcohol-preferring (sP) rats. Rats were initially given access to alcohol [10% (volume/ volume) in water] and water under the home cage, two-bottle, free-choice regimen, with unlimited access for 24 h/day for eight consecutive weeks. Next, a third bottle, containing saccharin [0%, 0.01%, 0.1%, 1%, or 3% (weight/ volume) in water], was concomitantly offered for an additional 10 consecutive days. Intake of saccharin solution resulted as an inverted-U function of saccharin concentration, with the 0.1% saccharin solution being the highest accepted. Alcohol intake was a U function of saccharin concentration, being reduced by 65%-95% in the group of rats exposed to the 0.1% saccharin solution. These results indicate that (1) the concurrent presentation of highly palatable solutions of saccharin markedly reduced alcohol intake in alcohol-experienced sP rats and (2) the reducing effect of saccharin solutions on the alcohol intake in sP rats was positively related to their degree of acceptability. We hypothesized that saccharin solutions may have functioned as a reinforcer, partially substituting for alcohol reinforcement and rendering alcohol drinking less urgent.
Language: E
Source: Ireb, article - périodique, P0002, 20976
Theme: Animal Model
Colombo G., Lobina C., Maccioni P., Mascia M.F., Orru A., Gessa G.L. and Carai M.A.
Suppression of acquisition of alcohol-drinking behavior by the concurrent availability of saccharin in Sardinian alcohol-preferring (sP) rats
Alcohol, Elsevier Inc. ; 2005, Vol.35, n°1, 27-33
Keywords: ALCOHOL USE / BEHAVIOUR / CONSUMPTION / ANIMAL MODEL / PREFERENCE / P RAT / SACCHARIN
In the current study, we investigated the effect of the concurrent presentation of saccharin on the acquisition of alcohol-drinking behavior in selectively bred Sardinian alcohol-preferring (sP) rats. Alcohol-naive rats were given access to saccharin [0%, 0.01%, 0.1%, 1%, or 3% (weight/volume) in water], alcohol [10% (volume/volume) in water], and water under the home cage, three-bottle, free-choice regimen, with unlimited access for 24 h/ day for 10 consecutive days. Intake of saccharin solution resulted as an inverted-U function of saccharin concentration, reaching polydipsic-like values at the 0.1% concentration. In contrast, alcohol intake was a U function of saccharin concentration, being virtually suppressed in the groups of rats exposed to the highly accepted 0.1% and 1% concentrations of saccharin. These results indicate that (1) the concurrent presentation of highly palatable solutions of saccharin suppresses acquisition of alcohol-drinking behavior in sP rats and (2) the suppressive effect of saccharin solutions on the acquisition of alcohol-drinking behavior in sP rats was positively related to their degree of acceptability. We hypothesize that an immediate and continuous access to the highly palatable saccharin solution may have distracted the rat, preventing it from consuming the amounts of alcohol solution needed to disclose and experience the psychopharmacologic effects of alcohol on which alcohol-drinking behavior in sP rats is based.
Language: E
Source: Ireb, article - périodique, P0002, 20977